Heart Attack

Heart attack happens to people that have certain risk factors for one. A big heart attack risk factor is cholesterol buildup in the blood, which forms a plaque. The arteries become narrowed, and thus the blood that can flow through is greatly restricted. As arteries narrow further still, it will not carry the necessary blood to run through arteries. Heart muscles need this blood in order to function right.



Angina, which is a chest pain that comes from not having enough blood. Plaque is dangerous because the more of it there is in the arteries, this can rupture, causing small clots to form in the blood vessels. This acutely blocks the blood flow. The heart will then have no more blood supply, and therefore when muscle dies, this is now a heart attack. The medical term used is myocardial infarction. The part of myo is the medical term for muscle, cardial, the heart, and infarction means that death occurs from not enough oxygen present.

The risks for myocardial infarction include:

Smoking

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High cholesterol levels

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Coronary artery which is anomalous means that the coronary artery which lies on the heart's surface can get into the heart muscle itself. This will cause the artery to twist, creating a problem with angina.
Not enough oxygen will hurt the heart deeply. This is where heart attack occurs. Red blood cells along with normalcy of lung functioning are what takes oxygen to the heart.

How do you know you're having a heart attack?

If you are having any of these symptoms, get help quickly:

Chest pain which is tight and achy

Sweating a lot

Upset stomach

Indigestion which is mistaken for heartburn

Feeling short of breath

What doctors will do in diagnosing a heart attack is to first do an EKG. An EKG will tell the acute stages of what is going on while in the ER. This common heart test tells about the electrical activity in heart muscle, and shows changes taking place that tell a myocardial infarction event.

Blood tests can tell what chemicals are coming up through heart muscles which are irritated. Since an EKG is not always positive, this is the next measure. What is measured in blood tests is the levels of cardiac enzymes.

A chest x-ray is helpful in looking at the heart aorta, the lungs, as well as the shape.

When an electrocardiogram shows that a myocardial infarction has taken place, then immediately after words, an angioplasty should be done to open the artery, restoring blood flow to the heart muscles. A stent is often placed to hold the artery open.

Bypass surgery may need to be done if angioplasty fails, and the myocardial infarction is too bad. In this procedure, a vein is taken from another point in the body, (such as the leg), and placed into the chest cavity for passage of blood.

The thing to remember when a myocardial infarction is taking place is that time is of the essence. The quicker attended to, the better your survival chances. Taking an aspirin may give you a longer time window there, and help some of the blood flow to at least get through the heart's artery where you need it to live.

To avoid an myocardial event in the future you should:

Stop smoking! This is the worst thing to do for your heart.

Have regular blood tests on your cholesterol since this is one of the biggest triggers. Watch your blood sugar if you have diabetes. See my complete website.

Watch your blood pressure carefully. Exercise regularly. Walking is a great cardiac activity!

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